Since its origins, the european constitutionalism has placed the freedom of manifestation of thought in a particularly important position, making it as the cornerstone of every democratic society and the distinctive feature of supranational organizations set up to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms. The centrality recognized to the freedom of expression must not, however, lead us to believe that the field of application of this inalienable right cannot be subject to limitations or restrictions, due to the need to prevent abuse or balance its exercise; these needs require adequate protection both at a national and international level. In this perspective, in order to ensure respect for the human personality and the dignity of being all citizens of the same level within the legally organized societies, the limit of respect for the rights of others becomes unavoidable. In the Council of Europe system, an attempt has been made, as far as possible, to reconcile the objective of combating all forms of hate speech (on a racial, ethnic, religious and social basis) with the guarantee of the freedom of thought. This is demonstrated by the jurisprudence of the conventional justice bodies which, although with inevitable difficulties and uncertainties, has applied the right to the free manifestation of thought in a sense that is not absolute, but balanced and combined with respect to the other rights enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights.

Sin dalle sue origini, il costituzionalismo europeo ha collocato la libertà di manifestazione del pensiero in una posizione di particolare rilievo, facendone il caposaldo di ogni società democratica e la cifra distintiva delle organizzazioni sovranazionali poste a tutela dei diritti e delle libertà fondamentali. La centralità riconosciuta alla libertà di espressione non deve, tuttavia, indurre a ritenere che il campo di applicazione di questo diritto inalienabile non possa essere soggetto a limitazioni o a restrizioni, dovute all’esigenza di prevenire abusi ovvero di bilanciarne l’esercizio; necessità meritevoli di tutela sia a livello ordinamentale nazionale che internazionale. In quest’ottica, al fine di assicurare il rispetto della personalità umana e della dignità di essere tutti cittadini di pari livello all’interno delle società giuridicamente organizzate, il limite del rispetto dei diritti altrui diviene ineludibile. Nel sistema del Consiglio d’Europa, si è cercato, per quanto possibile, di contemperare l’obiettivo della lotta contro ogni forma di discorso d’odio (su base razziale, etnica, religiosa e sociale) con la garanzia della libertà di pensiero. Ciò è dimostrato dalla giurisprudenza degli organi di giustizia convenzionali che, pur con difficoltà ed incertezze inevitabili, ha applicato il diritto alla libera manifestazione del pensiero in senso non assoluto, bensì bilanciato e combinato rispetto agli altri diritti sanciti dalla Convenzione Europea dei Diritti dell’Uomo.

Spazio pubblico europeo e discorsi d'odio

Parisi Marco
2020-01-01

Abstract

Since its origins, the european constitutionalism has placed the freedom of manifestation of thought in a particularly important position, making it as the cornerstone of every democratic society and the distinctive feature of supranational organizations set up to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms. The centrality recognized to the freedom of expression must not, however, lead us to believe that the field of application of this inalienable right cannot be subject to limitations or restrictions, due to the need to prevent abuse or balance its exercise; these needs require adequate protection both at a national and international level. In this perspective, in order to ensure respect for the human personality and the dignity of being all citizens of the same level within the legally organized societies, the limit of respect for the rights of others becomes unavoidable. In the Council of Europe system, an attempt has been made, as far as possible, to reconcile the objective of combating all forms of hate speech (on a racial, ethnic, religious and social basis) with the guarantee of the freedom of thought. This is demonstrated by the jurisprudence of the conventional justice bodies which, although with inevitable difficulties and uncertainties, has applied the right to the free manifestation of thought in a sense that is not absolute, but balanced and combined with respect to the other rights enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11695/96765
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