An effective strategy that tests suspected cases, tracks infected people and traces their contacts (TTT) will help reduce the spread of the current COVID-19 pandemic, but serological mass testing concerning both IgM and IgG (and IgA, in order to evaluate the local immunity stimulated by different vaccines) is central to lockdown exit plans in many countries. Serological mass testing can avoid swab analyses in suspected cases which developed antibodies during a previous asymptomatic and not diagnosed COVID-19 infection; above all, it is essential to individuate seronegative persons to vaccinate. The designed test uses a new shaped ELISA, the immunosorbent pin, and a new method based on the double reaction performed using simultaneously two different solid phases, able to separate, detect and differentiate immunoglobulin isotypes: the standard microwell (on which sample IgM are bound and tested about their specificity in the following steps; in this way IgM do not interfere with specific anti SARS-CV-2 IgG) and the pin, which binds specific anti SARS-CoV-2 IgG when immersed in the same microwell. The test has been conceived in order to run simultaneously different antibody detection tests and to avoid interferences generated by different antibody isotypes in serological tests.

Una strategia efficace che testi i casi sospetti, tracci gli infetti e rintracci i loro contatti (Test, Track, Trace - TTT) è utile nel ridurre il dilagare della corrente pandemia di COVID-19, ma l’attuazione di uno screening sierologico di massa riguardante sia le IgM che le IgG (e eventualmente le IgA per valutare l’efficacia di diversi vaccini nell’elicitare l’immunità locale) rimane centrale per pianificare l’uscita dal lockdown in molti Paesi. I test sierologici di massa potrebbero limitare i test molecolari sui tamponi nei casi sospetti che hanno sviluppato anticorpi durante una precedente infezione asintomatica di COVID-19; soprattutto essi sono essenziali per identificare i soggetti sieronegativi che devono essere vaccinati. Il test progettato usa una nuova forma di fase solida per ELISA, una punta immunoadsorbente, e un nuovo metodo basato sulla doppia reazione eseguita utilizzando contemporaneamente due fasi solide: il micropozzetto standard che cattura le IgM (per poi rilevarne la specificità) impedendo interferenze con le IgG specifiche per il SARS-CoV-2, che vengono catturate dalla punta immersa nel medesimo micropozzetto. In questo modo si possono ottenere test sierologici per la ricerca simultanea di diversi isotipi anticorpali, limitando le reciproche interferenze.

Design of an ELISA-based COVID-19 IgM, IgA and IgG Simultaneous Detection Test

Alessandra Mazzeo
Primo
2020-01-01

Abstract

An effective strategy that tests suspected cases, tracks infected people and traces their contacts (TTT) will help reduce the spread of the current COVID-19 pandemic, but serological mass testing concerning both IgM and IgG (and IgA, in order to evaluate the local immunity stimulated by different vaccines) is central to lockdown exit plans in many countries. Serological mass testing can avoid swab analyses in suspected cases which developed antibodies during a previous asymptomatic and not diagnosed COVID-19 infection; above all, it is essential to individuate seronegative persons to vaccinate. The designed test uses a new shaped ELISA, the immunosorbent pin, and a new method based on the double reaction performed using simultaneously two different solid phases, able to separate, detect and differentiate immunoglobulin isotypes: the standard microwell (on which sample IgM are bound and tested about their specificity in the following steps; in this way IgM do not interfere with specific anti SARS-CV-2 IgG) and the pin, which binds specific anti SARS-CoV-2 IgG when immersed in the same microwell. The test has been conceived in order to run simultaneously different antibody detection tests and to avoid interferences generated by different antibody isotypes in serological tests.
https://www.onb.it/2020/09/30/online-il-numero-di-settembre-de-il-giornale-dei-biologi-3/
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11695/94262
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact