Evaluation on changes in intraocular tension in individuals exposed to air pollution by fine particles (overall analysis)

Introduction: the effects of air pollution on morbidity and mortality have been confirmed by epidemiological studies for some years. We wanted to ascertain and investigate the possible effect of ultrafine particles on changes in intraocular tension in particularly exposed individuals. Materials and methods: this research extends a previous pilot study. In the period January ’11 December ’12 we have focused attention on groups most at risk by sex, age and occupation, expanding the sample previously investigated, and examining a total of 312 patients resident in the city of Taranto. For each of them has been carried out a clinical examination and a general eye IOP measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometry. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the chi-square test with Yates correction completed. Results: we have found statistically significant differences in change in intraocular pressure in the two control groups (Taranto Tamburi and Taranto City). We have found statistically significant differences particularly in males, in postmenopausal women, and in workers in heavy industry. Discussion: it can be said to have found in this survey significant changes in IOP changes in the two controlled groups (Taranto Tamburi and Taranto City), in relation to a greater or lesser density of air pollutants, particularly ultrafine particles in the atmosphere. It would be appropriate to continue the investigation, in addition to changes in intraocular hydrodynamic buoyancy, the possible alterations in the posterior segment of the eye, as a result of insults, even by blood, could endanger the fund vitreo-retinal and uveal.