Over the past forty years, Europe has seen massive immigration from North Africa, the Near East, and South America. This phenomenon has become particularly problematic in Italy, where public institutions have failed to adopt a genuinely neutral approach to the complex multi-religious landscape, despite theoretical declarations of principle at the constitutional and legislative levels. The ideal of pluralism has thus struggled to find adequate recognition in a legal and social context whose improvement in terms of respect for the new identity needs has long been hoped for. Italian policy has intervened in the field of immigration in a fluctuating manner, alternating between bans and amnesties, but overall, enacting laws that express fear and mistrust rather than implementing the constitutional mandate. Furthermore, not only politics, but also the judiciary and society itself have encountered the application of controversial socio-normative categories, making it difficult to develop a model sufficiently adaptable not only to religions other than Catholicism, but also to the Catholicism of immigrants. This is because, in the historical context of the national legal system, the neutrality of civil authorities with respect to religion arose and developed in relation to the particular relationship with the Church of Rome and its values.
In Europa, nell’ultimo quarantennio, si è osservata una massiccia immigrazione dai Paesi del Nord Africa, del Vicino Oriente e del Sud America. Il fenomeno si è proposto in termini di problematicità particolarmente evidente nella realtà italiana, dove le istituzioni pubbliche non sono riuscite ad assumere un approccio di genuina neutralità nei confronti dell'articolato panorama multireligioso, nonostante le teoriche enunciazioni di principio a livello costituzionale e normativo ordinario. Il pluralismo ideale ha, così, stentato a trovare un adeguato riconoscimento in un contesto giuridico-sociale di cui, da tempo, si auspica un perfezionamento in termini di rispetto per le nuove esigenze identitarie. In materia d’immigrazione, la politica italiana è intervenuta in maniera ondivaga, alternando divieti e sanatorie, ma, complessivamente, esprimendo leggi espressive di paura e diffidenza, piuttosto che di attuazione del dettato costituzionale. Peraltro, non soltanto la politica, ma anche la giurisdizione e la stessa società si sono imbattute nell’applicazione di categorie socio-normative controverse, con la difficoltà di sviluppare un modello sufficientemente adattivo non solo alle religioni diverse da quella cattolica, ma pure al cattolicesimo degli immigrati. Ciò perché, nel vissuto storico dell’ordinamento nazionale, la neutralità dei poteri civili nei confronti della religione è nata e si è sviluppata in relazione al particolare rapporto con la Chiesa di Roma e con i suoi valori.
Istituzioni politiche, organizzazioni religiose e fenomeno immigratorio. Riflessioni sulle nuove sfide degli assetti sociali contemporanei
Parisi Marco
2026-01-01
Abstract
Over the past forty years, Europe has seen massive immigration from North Africa, the Near East, and South America. This phenomenon has become particularly problematic in Italy, where public institutions have failed to adopt a genuinely neutral approach to the complex multi-religious landscape, despite theoretical declarations of principle at the constitutional and legislative levels. The ideal of pluralism has thus struggled to find adequate recognition in a legal and social context whose improvement in terms of respect for the new identity needs has long been hoped for. Italian policy has intervened in the field of immigration in a fluctuating manner, alternating between bans and amnesties, but overall, enacting laws that express fear and mistrust rather than implementing the constitutional mandate. Furthermore, not only politics, but also the judiciary and society itself have encountered the application of controversial socio-normative categories, making it difficult to develop a model sufficiently adaptable not only to religions other than Catholicism, but also to the Catholicism of immigrants. This is because, in the historical context of the national legal system, the neutrality of civil authorities with respect to religion arose and developed in relation to the particular relationship with the Church of Rome and its values.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


