The paper starts from a reinterpretation of the relationship between technology, society and power, in particular retracing the antagonism that occurred in the early ’70s between two great theorists of this relationship, M. McLuhan and L. Mumford. Their positions on the impact of the new information and tel-ecommunication technologies were in fact diametrical: on one side the ‘techno-optimist’ McLuhan aimed at interpreting them as a potential ‘liberation’ in terms of physical and spiritual reconnection among hu-mans and between Man and nature, on the other the ‘techno-sceptic’ Mumford, who saw them as a means of a defi nitive subjugation of the individual to a new form of centralised apparatus, the “megamachine”. af-ter considering the positions of the French F. Guattari, which transcends the deterministic vision of the two americans in a “phylogenetic” and “molecular” reinterpretation of the evolution of the heterogeneous and complex relationship between society, individuals and technology, we reread the current digital ‘explosion’, fostered by pandemic conditions, in the light of the coexistence of antagonistic models of digital platforms – one in tension towards an ‘algorithmic’ and centralised territorial governance, the other slowly evolving towards the construction of decentralised and open platforms more oriented towards territorial cooper-ation –, inferring fi nally the possible developments of such diff erent models in relation to local systems.

il paper muove da una rilettura del rapporto tra tecnica, società e potere, e in particolare ricostruisce l’antagonismo che si determinò nei primi anni ’70 tra due grandi teorici di questa relazione, M. McLuhan e L. Mumford. Le loro posizioni sugli impatti delle nuove tecnologie informatiche e delle telecomunicazioni erano infatti diametrali: l’una, quella del ‘tecno-ottimista’ McLuhan, volta a interpre-tarle come una potenziale ‘liberazione’ in chiave di riconnessione fi sica e spirituale tra gli uomini e con la natura, l’altra, quella del ‘tecno-scettico’ Mumford, in chiave di defi nitivo asservimento dell’individuo a una nuova forma di apparato centralizzato, la ‘megamacchina’. Dopo aver considerato le posizioni del francese F. Guattari, che trascende la visione deterministica dei due americani in una rilettura ‘fi loge-netica’ e ‘molecolare’ dell’evoluzione del rapporto eterogeneo e complesso tra società, individuo e tec-nica, rileggiamo l’attuale ‘esplosione’ del digitale, favorita dalla condizioni pandemiche, alla luce della compresenza di modelli antagonisti di piattaforme digitali - l’una in tensione verso un una governance algoritmica e centralizzata del territorio, l’altra in lenta evoluzione verso la costruzione di piattaforme decentrate e aperte più orientate alla cooperazione territoriale - deducendo nella conclusione i possibili sviluppi di questi diversi modelli in relazione ai sistemi locali.

Tra determinismo e filogenesi. Tecnologia, potere e territorio

luciano de bonis;stefano simoncini
2022-01-01

Abstract

The paper starts from a reinterpretation of the relationship between technology, society and power, in particular retracing the antagonism that occurred in the early ’70s between two great theorists of this relationship, M. McLuhan and L. Mumford. Their positions on the impact of the new information and tel-ecommunication technologies were in fact diametrical: on one side the ‘techno-optimist’ McLuhan aimed at interpreting them as a potential ‘liberation’ in terms of physical and spiritual reconnection among hu-mans and between Man and nature, on the other the ‘techno-sceptic’ Mumford, who saw them as a means of a defi nitive subjugation of the individual to a new form of centralised apparatus, the “megamachine”. af-ter considering the positions of the French F. Guattari, which transcends the deterministic vision of the two americans in a “phylogenetic” and “molecular” reinterpretation of the evolution of the heterogeneous and complex relationship between society, individuals and technology, we reread the current digital ‘explosion’, fostered by pandemic conditions, in the light of the coexistence of antagonistic models of digital platforms – one in tension towards an ‘algorithmic’ and centralised territorial governance, the other slowly evolving towards the construction of decentralised and open platforms more oriented towards territorial cooper-ation –, inferring fi nally the possible developments of such diff erent models in relation to local systems.
https://doi.org/10.13128/sdt-13205
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11695/117708
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