Traditional historical writings have often emphasized the fundamental role that Christian Thomasius had in the secularization process of criminal Law. His distinction between the juridical field and that of social and individual morality, his criticism of torture and the positions taken in regards to the persecution of crimes such as heresy and witchcraft have credited his figure as that of a true forerunner that would have led the ongoing process of the reform of the penal institutions of the European laws of the Enlightenment. Without denying the undoubted value of the reforms of the Thomasian project, this paper provides a different perspective by viewing him in a contemporary light, which is aimed at grasping some fundamental traits of his work in close connection with the problems of the context in which it was written, in particular focusing attention on the dissertation De origine processus inquisitorii discussed at Halle in 1711. From this perspective, the analytical enquiry of the origin and the logic of the evidence of the inquisitorial trial conducted by Thomasius represented a piece of a broader strategy aimed at establishing some fundamental guidelines on the political role of religion in the institutional set-up of the Prussian principality, where he had been welcomed after the conflicts within the political and academic circles of Leipzig. With the intent of avoiding the inherent risks in an avant-la-lettre reading, the aim of this paper is to return the Thomasius’ figure to its own time and to contribute to creating a portrait of a philosopher that represented a fundamental point of reference for the juridical culture in the Eighteenth Century

La storiografia d’impostazione tradizionale ha più volte sottolineato il ruolo ricoperto da Christian Thomasius nel processo di secolarizzazione del diritto penale. La distinzione tra l’ambito giuridico e quello della morale sociale e individuale, la critica della tortura e le posizioni assunte sulla persecuzione di crimini come l’eresia e la stregoneria hanno accreditato la sua figura come quella di un vero e proprio precursore delle istanze che avrebbero guidato il processo percorso di riforma delle istituzioni penali dell’Illuminismo giuspolitico europeo. Pur senza negare l’indubbia valenza riformatrice del progetto thomasiano, il presente contributo mira a fornire una chiave di lettura orientata a cogliere alcuni tratti fondamentali della sua opera in stretta connessione con i problemi del contesto in cui fu prodotta, focalizzando l’attenzione in particolare, sulla dissertazione De origine processus inquisitorii discussa ad Halle nel 1711. In tale prospettiva, la ricostruzione analitica del modello processuale e della logica probatoria inquisitoria condotta da Thomasius rappresentava un tassello di una più ampia strategia volta a fissare alcune direttrici fondamentali sul ruolo politico della religione nell’assetto istituzionale del principato prussiano, dove egli era stato accolto dopo i contrasti con l’ambiente politico e accademico lipsiense. Nell’intento di evitare i rischi insiti in una lettura avant-la-lettre, il contributo si propone di restituire la figura di Thomasius ai propri tempi e di contribuire a delineare il profilo di un pensatore che avrebbe rappresentato un punto di riferimento insostituibile per la riflessione della cultura giuridica nel XVIII secolo

«Vitium et crimen valde differunt». Secolarizzazione e giustizia penale nel De origine processus inquisitorii di Christian Thomasius.

Francesco Serpico
2022-01-01

Abstract

Traditional historical writings have often emphasized the fundamental role that Christian Thomasius had in the secularization process of criminal Law. His distinction between the juridical field and that of social and individual morality, his criticism of torture and the positions taken in regards to the persecution of crimes such as heresy and witchcraft have credited his figure as that of a true forerunner that would have led the ongoing process of the reform of the penal institutions of the European laws of the Enlightenment. Without denying the undoubted value of the reforms of the Thomasian project, this paper provides a different perspective by viewing him in a contemporary light, which is aimed at grasping some fundamental traits of his work in close connection with the problems of the context in which it was written, in particular focusing attention on the dissertation De origine processus inquisitorii discussed at Halle in 1711. From this perspective, the analytical enquiry of the origin and the logic of the evidence of the inquisitorial trial conducted by Thomasius represented a piece of a broader strategy aimed at establishing some fundamental guidelines on the political role of religion in the institutional set-up of the Prussian principality, where he had been welcomed after the conflicts within the political and academic circles of Leipzig. With the intent of avoiding the inherent risks in an avant-la-lettre reading, the aim of this paper is to return the Thomasius’ figure to its own time and to contribute to creating a portrait of a philosopher that represented a fundamental point of reference for the juridical culture in the Eighteenth Century
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11695/115869
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