The utilization of antagonistic microorganisms and/or natural derived products seems a suitable strategy to reduce or replace synthetic fungicides in the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. However, it is necessary to find additives to optimize the activity of the biocontrol agent for preparing commercial formulations. In this work we screened, in vitro and in vivo, additives and natural products, including different organic and inorganic salts, organic acids, gums, propolis and chitosan, for antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum, and for compatibility with two selected antagonistic yeasts (Cryptococcus laurentii LS-28 and Aureobasidium pullulans LS-30). Among the tested substances, NaHCO3, Na silicate, NH4HCO3, K2CO3, KNaCO3 (1% w/v), sorbic acid (0.5% w/v), acetic acid (1% w/v), benzoic acid (0.1% w/v), propionic acid (0.5% w/v) and chitosan (5 mg ml-1) completely inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea and P. expansum in vitro. Moreover, also other substances, such as lactic acid and calcium silicate (1% w/v), potassium sorbate (0.5% w/v) and propolis (0.5% w/v) showed a high antifungal activity, particularly against B. cinerea. As regards compatibility, the antagonists were able to grow in the presence of some substances, in particular lactic acid, sodium and calcium silicate. Some thickeners (gums, pectin, sodium alginate, etc.) appeared to be compatible with the antagonists and they could be used in a formulation with the two biocontrol agents. In in vivo experiments, performed on different fruits, several substances, among those selected in vitro, significantly reduced the infections caused by B. cinerea and/or P. expansum.
ADDITIVES AND NATURAL PRODUCTS AGAINST POSTHARVEST PATHOGENS AND COMPATIBILITY WITH ANTAGONISTIC YEASTS
LIMA, Giuseppe;DE CURTIS, Filippo;CASTORIA, Raffaello;
1998-01-01
Abstract
The utilization of antagonistic microorganisms and/or natural derived products seems a suitable strategy to reduce or replace synthetic fungicides in the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. However, it is necessary to find additives to optimize the activity of the biocontrol agent for preparing commercial formulations. In this work we screened, in vitro and in vivo, additives and natural products, including different organic and inorganic salts, organic acids, gums, propolis and chitosan, for antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum, and for compatibility with two selected antagonistic yeasts (Cryptococcus laurentii LS-28 and Aureobasidium pullulans LS-30). Among the tested substances, NaHCO3, Na silicate, NH4HCO3, K2CO3, KNaCO3 (1% w/v), sorbic acid (0.5% w/v), acetic acid (1% w/v), benzoic acid (0.1% w/v), propionic acid (0.5% w/v) and chitosan (5 mg ml-1) completely inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea and P. expansum in vitro. Moreover, also other substances, such as lactic acid and calcium silicate (1% w/v), potassium sorbate (0.5% w/v) and propolis (0.5% w/v) showed a high antifungal activity, particularly against B. cinerea. As regards compatibility, the antagonists were able to grow in the presence of some substances, in particular lactic acid, sodium and calcium silicate. Some thickeners (gums, pectin, sodium alginate, etc.) appeared to be compatible with the antagonists and they could be used in a formulation with the two biocontrol agents. In in vivo experiments, performed on different fruits, several substances, among those selected in vitro, significantly reduced the infections caused by B. cinerea and/or P. expansum.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
