Profili penali della disciplina dei gruppi di società

By inserting, in the case of infidelity sheet, the legislative provision of compensatory benefits to the thematic groups of companies has received a dignity expressed also in the field of economic criminal law. The legislative policy choice, which is part of more general political objective of the criminal reform legislature to build a corporate criminal law at least, permeated by the need to respect the canons of concrete offensiveness, was welcomed by the criminal law literature which, at day after the news, has renewed interest in the topic. The discipline of the groups, in addition to covering the primary interest for its remarkable application, is also an important test to verify the consistency of legislative solutions to the plane having to be the criminal law, to verify, in an optical teleological mold, compliance with the legislation, and compared to a value-free system oriented. In this respect, the relationship between the discipline of civil groups and the penal, it highlights how the criminal law is actually conforms to the face of a criminal justice system-oriented values of proportionality and last resort, because the scope of the empirical case is criminal back with respect to a compensation order statutory safeguards: the importance attributed to the benefits legitimately expected, for the purposes of exemption from criminal liability, and their irrelevance, conversely, for the purposes of the exclusion of liability, means that the protection of the assets case of corporate criminal law occupy a space only residual. If these profiles are the valuable discipline of criminal groups of companies, many are, however, the critical insights that leaves open the interpreter. In terms of the goodness of legislative choices, remaining margin of doubt regarding the appropriateness of the choice of a sectoral nature, which poses the risk of limiting the scope of application to the single case of infidelity sheet, only one for which is expressly provided, creating, thus, not a few dystonias application within the same sub-sector of economic criminal law. Of no little importance appear, then, the complaints to be moved to the 'rules of criminal groups' in terms of determination of the criminal case due to lack of coordination of the reform of corporate crimes with that of corporate law. While the legislature company was able to create a harmonious and appropriate discipline to pursue the objectives of protection, taking care of both groups in pathology, as in physiology, the approach of the criminal legislature was much more rough and minimalist: on the side of corporate criminal, in fact, the abuse of centralized management is not connected to a theory of liability or administrative bodies of the holding company or parent of the Leg. 231/2001. Hence the need to try to retrieve the criminal liability of the real center of decision (the organs of the holding company), through the application of the general conditions of the typicality of the extension of articles 110 and 113 c.p., the responsibility for the insolvency of individuals, and for the administrative offenses by legal persons.